Prefixes and Suffixes

Prefixes:

1. Un- / In- / Im- / Dis-

   • Un-: Indicates negation or lack of something.
     • Example: Unhappy, Unlikely.
   • In- / Im-: Can indicate negation or opposition.
     • Example: Incomplete, Impossible.
   • Dis-: Indicates negation or reversal.
     • Example: Dislike, Disagree.

2. Re-

   • Indicates repetition or restoration.
     • Example: Rebuild, Replay.

3. Pre-

   • Indicates before or in advance.
     • Example: Predict, Preorder.

4. Mis-

   • Indicates wrong or badly.
     • Example: Misunderstand, Mislead.

Suffixes:

1. -ly

   • Forms adverbs from adjectives.
     • Example: Quickly, Beautifully.

2. -able / -ible

   • Forms adjectives meaning “capable of” or “worthy of.”
     • Example: Comfortable, Flexible.

3. -ment

   • Forms nouns from verbs.
     • Example: Movement, Development.

4. -tion / -sion

   • Forms nouns from verbs.
     • Example: Celebration, Decision.

Grammatical Rules:

1. Use of Prefixes:

   • Prefixes are placed at the beginning of a word and can change the meaning of the base word.
   • It’s important to understand the meaning of each prefix to interpret the word correctly.

2. Use of Suffixes:

   • Suffixes are added to the end of a word and can also change its meaning.
   • Some suffixes can indicate the grammatical category of a word (e.g., -ly for adverbs).

3. Spelling Changes:

   • Some prefixes and suffixes may lead to spelling changes in the base word.
     • Example: Happy (adjective) → Unhappy (adjective).

Remember that not all words have prefixes or suffixes, and the best way to learn is through practice and consistent exposure to the language. I hope this information is helpful!